The Gewehr 98 or Model 1898 took its principles from the Lebel Model 1886 rifle with the improvement of a metallic magazine of five cartridges. It was derived from earlier rifles, namely the Karabiner 98b, which in turn had been developed from the Mauser Model 1898. The Karabiner 98k was a bolt-action rifle with Mauser-type action holding five rounds of 7.92x57mm Mauser on a stripper clip, loaded into an internal magazine. The Karabiner 98 Kurz (often abbreviated Kar98k or K98k) was a bolt-action rifle adopted as the standard infantry rifle in 1935 by the Wehrmacht, and was one of the final developments in the long line of Mauser military rifles.
In addition, in 1953, the Spanish were manufacturing a slightly modified version, but with a straight bolt handle.
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From 1950 to 1965, Yugoslavia also produced a near-copy of the K98k called the Model 1948, which differed only from the German rifle in that it had the shorter bolt-action of the Czechoslovakian M1924 series of rifles. This production was a brief stop-gap solution and the vast majority of these rifles were soon stored or given for very low prices to various fledging states or rebel movements throughout the developing world. Post war, many of the liberated European countries continued production of rifles similar to the K98k, for example CZ and FN produced both their proprietary models and new K98k rifles, many of which were assembled from leftover German parts or using captured machinery. However, this number includes versions of the rifle other than the K98k, such as the Czech vz-24 which continued to be produced during WWII. Over 14 million of these rifles were produced by various manufacturers. A trench magazine was also produced that could be attached to the bottom of the internal magazine by removing the floor plate, increasing capacity to 20 rounds, though it still required loading with 5 round stripper clips. The K98k has a 5 round internal magazine and is loaded from either 5 round stripper clips that are inserted into a slot in front of the opened bolt and pushed into the magazine with the thumb, or, rounds may be loaded one at a time, allowing for topping off a partially empty magazine. It has an effective range of about 800 metres, but when fitted with a high-quality rifle scope, its range increases to 1,000 metres. The rifle has a bolt-action and uses 7.92 x 57 mm rounds (referred to as 8 mm Mauser).
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It was intended to be a "universal rifle" for all parts of the Heer rather than having both Carbine and full length versions. Less obvious are that it has different, simpler sights. The easiest to spot are its shorter length, and bent, rather than straight bolt handle. The K98k is often confused as being the earlier Model 98 design however, there are notable differences between them. The "98" is derived from the earlier rifle's year of adoption (1898), though the carbine itself was adopted in 1935.
In the name K98k, the first "K" stands for karabiner (carbine) and the second "k" for kurz (short). The K98k was first adopted by the Wehrmacht in 1935 to be their standard issue rifle, with many older versions being converted and shortened as well as the design itself entering production. The design was based on developed from the Karabiner 98b, one of the carbines developed from the Model 1898 mentioned before. The Karabiner 98k "Mauser" (often abbreviated "K98k" or "Kar98k") was adopted in the mid 1930s and would be the most common infantry rifle in service within the German Army during World War II.
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